Despite the implementation of clear legislation over fifteen years ago, public smoking remains a widespread and largely unpunished practice across Chad, particularly within its capital city, N’Djamena.
A brief stroll through N’Djamena vividly illustrates the stark contrast between legal mandates and daily reality. In bustling commercial hubs like the Central Market or Dembé Market, vendors and shoppers openly light up amidst crowded thoroughfares. The acrid smoke frequently mingles with the dust and various food aromas, creating an inescapable atmosphere for non-smokers.
“We’ve grown accustomed to cigarette smoke here; it’s something we inhale every single day,” shared Pélagie, a fish vendor, her frustration palpable. “There have been regulations, but nobody seems to respect them. It’s truly unacceptable.”
Christian echoed this sentiment, lamenting, “In other nations, designated smoking zones exist, but regrettably, in Chad, we are all mixed together. Even within schools and hospitals, people are seen smoking. The government must take decisive action.”
Like Pélagie and Christian, countless Chadians are involuntarily exposed to secondhand smoke in various settings, from bars and restaurants to even taxis. “I suffer from asthma and severe allergies to both cigarette and shisha smoke,” explained one resident. “That’s why I’ve stopped patronizing restaurants; no one there adheres to the rules.”
Exposure to passive smoking significantly elevates the risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory illnesses for non-smokers. Children and expectant mothers are particularly susceptible to these dangers. Environmentally, discarded cigarette butts litter the streets, contributing to pollution and posing a considerable fire hazard.
Chad’s Law n° 010/PR/2010, enacted on June 10, 2010, specifically prohibits smoking in all public places, enclosed workplaces, and public transportation. It also safeguards pregnant women and minors, outlining penalties for non-compliance.
Subsequent implementation decrees, such as Decree n° 1522/PR/MSP/2019, further clarified the enforcement mechanisms. Public awareness campaigns have been launched by the Ministry of Public Health and the N’Djamena city council, and an anti-smoking brigade was even established. Yet, over a decade later, the effective application of this crucial legislation remains one of Chad’s most formidable challenges.
